Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Today I learn about CPU..CPU is the brain of the computer..CPU is an integrated circuit chip that is capable of processing electronic signals..A CPU interprets instruction given by the software and carries out those instruction by processing data and controlling the rest of computer components..

CPU consists two subcomponent : the Control Unit (CU) and the Arithmetic logic Unit(ALU)..Control Units is to direct the CPU to process data..

Under the direction of a program, the Control Unit manages a four-step basic operation which is called a machine cycle or processing cycle.

Fetch and decode is in the instruction cycle whereas execute and store is in the execution cycle. Today’s microprocessor can go through this entire
four-step process billions of times per second.

FETCH
Retrieves the next program instruction from the computer’s memory.

DECODE
Determines what the program is telling the computer to do.

STORE
Stores the results to an internal register (a temporary storage location or to memory).

EXECUTE
Performs the requested instruction, such as adding two numbers or deciding which one of them is larger.

Arithmetic Logic Unit can perform all arithmetic and logical operations. Arithmetic operation is an operation that forms a function of two numbers. This function is usually one of the class of operations: add, subtract, multiply and
divide.

HOW DATA IS PROCESSING??

When a user starts a program, its instructions are transferred from the storage device to the memory. The user enters the data needed by the program.
The Control Unit then interprets and executes instructions in the memory. The Arithmetic Logic Unit then performs calculations on the data in the memory. As a result, information is then stored in the memory. Information can then be sent to an output device or a storage device.